Volume-7 , Issue-7 , Jul 2021, ISSN 2454-9312 (Online), 2454-6143 (Print) Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  Comparing Some Machine Learning Models for Automatic Prediction of Patients with Cardiac Disorders

  L. Yahaya, B.P. Doppala

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp.1-9, Jul-2021

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  Cardiac disorder has been among the forefront causes of sudden deaths of people of various ages worldwide. This disease has continued to rise sporadically every year, which shows that the existing predictive models are grossly insufficient. Machine learning techniques have been very effective in developing clinical decision support systems for predicting most diseases, which include those of the heart. In this paper, we presented a noble comparative approach of four machine learning models to predict heart diseases based on the UCI data, which comprises 303 instances and 14 attributes. Four machine learning models which include RF, SVM, LR, and MLP were trained and evaluated. From the experimental results, RF model appeared with the MAE value of 0.27, RMSE of 0.36, RAE of 55.30%, RRSE of 72.63% and a CC value of 0.69 which is close to the ideal value and was the highest of all. Therefore, the RF model appeared the best in predicting cardiac diseases among the compared algorithms.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Machine Learning, Models, Automatic Prediction, Prediction of Patients, Cardiac Disorders, Heart Disease

  References
  [1] B. P. Doppala, D. Midhunchakkaravarthy and D. Bhattacharyya, "Early Stage Detection of Cardiomegaly: An Extensive Review," International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, vol. 125, pp. 13-24, 2019.
  [2] D. E. Angelantonio, "World Health Organization cardiovascular disease risk charts: revised models to estimate risk in 21 global regions," Lancet Global Health, pp. 1332-1345, 2 9 2019.
  [3] B. S. Isaac, D. R. Bharathi, N. Priyanka and J. John, “A Study on Management of Stroke in a Tertiary Care Hospital,” International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 26-41, 2019.
  [4] WHO, "Technical package for cardiovascular disease management in primary health care," WHO Press, Geneva, 2016.
  [5] S. K. Devi, S. Krishnapriya and D. Kalita, "Prediction of Heart Disease using Data Mining Techniques," Indian Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 9, no. 39, 2016.
  [6] A. Jain, M. Ahirwar and R. Pandey, "A Review on Intutive Prediction of Heart Disease Using Data Mining Techniques," International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, vol. 7, no. 7, 2019.
  [7] College of Medicine, UI, "Angina: Symptoms and Treatments," University Press, Ibadan, 2021.
  [8] Cleveland Clinic, "Arrhythmia: Symptoms and Causes," Ohio, 2018.
  [9] L. Yahaya, N. D. Oye and E. J. Garba, "A Comprehensive Review on Heart Disease Prediction Using Data Mining and Machine Learning Techniques," American Journal of Artificial Intelligence, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 20-29, 2020.
  [10] M. S. Amin, Y. K. Chiam and K. D. Varathan, "Identification of significant features and data mining techniques in predicting heart disease," Telematics and Informatics, 2018.
  [11] B. P. Doppala, M. Kravarthy and D. Bhattacharyya, "Premature Detection of Cardiomegaly using Hybrid Machine Learning Technique," Jour of Adv Research in Dynamical & Control Systems, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 490-498, 2020.
  [12] S. K. Mohan, C. Thirumalai and G. Srivastava, "Effective Heart Disease Prediction using Hybrid Machine Learning Techniques," IEEE Access, vol. 4, 2016.
  [13] K. H. Miao, J. H. Miao and G. J. Miao, "Diagnosing Coronary Heart Disease Using Ensemble Machine Learning," International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, vol. 7, no. 10, pp. 30-39, 2016.
  [14] R. Jothikumar, N. Sivakumar, P. S. Ramesh, Suganthan and A. Suresh, "Heart Disease Prediction System Using ANN, RBF and CBR," International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, vol. 117, no. 21, pp. 199-217, 2017.
  [15] I. Yekkala, S. Dixit and M. A. Jabbar, "Prediction of heart disease using Ensemble Learning and Particle Swarm Optimization," in International Conference On Smart Technology for Smart Nation, 2017.
  [16] N. Chaithra and B. Madhu, "Classification Models on Cardiovascular Disease Prediction using Data Mining Techniques," Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis, vol. 6, no. 6, 2018.
  [17] A. Malav and K. Kadam, "A Hybrid Approach for Heart Disease Prediction Using Artificial Neural Network and K-means," International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, vol. 118, no. 8, pp. 103-110, 2018.
  [18] A. M. Alaa, T. Bolton, E. D. Angelantonio, H. James, F. Rudd and M. V. D. Schaar, "Cardiovascular disease risk prediction using automated machine learning: A prospective study of 423,604 UK Biobank participants," PLoS ONE, vol. 14, no. 5, 2019.
  [19] P. K. M. Reddy, T. S. K. Reddy, S. Balakrishnan and S. M. Basha, "Heart Disease Prediction Using Machine Learning Algorithm," International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, vol. 8, no. 10, pp. 2603-2606, 2019.
  [20] S. K. Shruthi, G. B. Bharath, K. V. Reddy, H. Vinutha and T. Nagaraj, "Predicting Multiple Diseases Using Machine Learning Techniques," International Journal of Scientific Research and Review, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 417-422, 2019.
  [21] S. Sharanyaa, S. Lavanya, M. R. Chandhini, R. Bharathi and K. Madhulekha, "Hybrid Machine Learning Techniques for Heart Disease Prediction," International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 44-48, 2020.
  [22] D. Dua and C. Graff, "UCI Machine Learning Repository," Irvine, CA, 2019.
  [23] A. U. Haq, J. P. Li, M. H. Memon, S. Nazir and R. Sun, "A Hybrid Intelligent System Framework for the Prediction of Heart Disease Using Machine Learning Algorithms," Hindawi Mobile Information Systems, 2018.
  [24] A. Smola and S. V. N. Vishwanathan, Introduction to machine learning, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

  Citation
  L. Yahaya, B.P. Doppala, "Comparing Some Machine Learning Models for Automatic Prediction of Patients with Cardiac Disorders," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.7, pp.1-9, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Effect of Mobile Banking on Customer Relation in Bangladesh: A Case Study in Cumilla

  Kulsum Akter Shapna, Abdullah Al Mamun, Fuad Zamil, Ikbal Ahmed, Nayan Banik

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp.10-18, Jul-2021

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  Technology is a driving force in the world, and it dominates in every way. Mobile and online banking are only two examples of how technology is constantly evolving. Mobile banking is a modern banking system because it allows clients to access funds even though they are in rural or remote areas. To improve the existing mobile banking services that commercial banks provide to their customers, they should first determine their customers` needs and whether they are satisfied with the services they currently receive. This research serves as an example of how MFS affects people`s lives. The study`s findings also show that age, education, occupation, ease of use, time spent learning how to use the app, and a simple bill payment system are all essential factors that influence mobile banking users` satisfaction. A portion of the respondents believes that the reliability of money transfers affects satisfaction as well. Respondents addressed some concerns about mobile banking services. This includes things like bad networks, incompatible handsets, high MFS costs, and so on. The service charge is one of the most critical issues among users; many respondents agree that there are substantial service charges for regular transactions that aren`t often available to the general public.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Online Banking, Financial, Transaction, Respondent, Service, Payment, Satisfaction

  References
  [1] Ahmed, S M, Rayhan Shah, Islam Md, Mahjabin Samina, "Problems and prospects of mobile banking in Bangladesh", Journal of Information Engineering and Applications, Vol.1, No.6, 2011.
  [2] Md. Abdullah al Mamun, “Mobile Banking is a New Dimension in Banking System of Bangladesh: A Case Study on DBBL and bKash”, European Journal of Business and Management, Vol.7, No.34, pp.71-79 2015.
  [3] Md.Nahin.H and Md.Yahin H, “Mobile Banking and Customer Satisfaction: The case of Dhaka City”, World Review of Business Research Vol.5, pp.108-120, 2015.
  [4] Md. Mizanur R., “Implementation of Mobile Banking in Bangladesh: Opportunities and Challenges”, IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vol.7, Issue.5, pp.53-58, 2013.
  [5] Thakur, R., "What keeps mobile banking customers loyal?", International Journal of Bank Marketing Vol.32, pp.628-646, 2014.
  [6] F. Sultana, S. Dutta, M.B. Khair, "Green Banking and Customers’ Satisfaction: A Case Study on the City Bank Limited of Bangladesh", International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies, Vol.7, Issue.2, pp.6-13, 2021.
  [7] Pin Luarn, Hsin-Hui Lin, "Toward an understanding of the behavioural intention to use mobile banking”, Computers in Human Behavior, Vol.21, Issue.6, pp.873-891, 2005.
  [8] Pikkarainen, T., Pikkarainen, K., Karjaluoto, H. and Pahnila, S., "Consumer acceptance of online banking: an extension of the technology acceptance model", Internet Research, Vol.14, No.3, pp.224-235, 2014.
  [9] Maurer, B., “Retail Electronic Payments Systems for Value Transfers in the Developing World”, 2008.
  [10] Sadia Noor Khan, Maimuna Akter, Rozina Akter, “Factors Influencing Adoption and Usage of Mobile Banking: Bangladesh Experience”, International Journal of Finance and Banking Research. Vol.3, No.1, pp.1-12, 2017
  [11] Shaikh, A. A. and H. Karjaluoto, “The effects of mobile banking application user satisfaction and system usage on bank-customer relationships”, proceedings of the 20th International Academic Mindtrek Conference, Tampere, Finland, Association for Computing Machinery, pp.177–183, 2016
  [12] Tobbin, P., "Towards a model of adoption in mobile banking by the unbanked: a qualitative study", info, Vol.14, No.5, pp.74-88, 2012.
  [13] Benamati John, Serva Mark, “Trust and distrust in online banking: Their role in developing countries”, Information Technology for Development, Vol.13, pp.161-175, 2007.
  [14] Polatoglu, V., Ekin, S., “An Empirical Investigation of the Turkish Consumers’ acceptance of Internet Banking Services”, International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol.19, No.4, pp.156-165, 2001.
  [15] Ul Islam S.R., Tareq M, “A Study on the Macro Economic Antecedents and Trends of Mobile Banking Services in Bangladesh”, In: Xu J., Hajiyev A., Nickel S., Gen M. (eds) Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol.502, Springer, Singapore, 2017.
  [16] Porteous, D., “The Enabling Environment for Mobile Banking in Africa”, 2006.
  [17] Kothari, C.R., “Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques”, India, 2004.
  [18] Burns, R.B, “Introduction to Research Methods. 3rd Edition, Addison Wesley Longman Australia”, South Melbourne, 1997.
  [19] Kaiser, H.F. “A second-generation little jiffy. Psychometrika”, Vol.35, pp.401–415, 1970.
  [20] Khan H.U, Al Share K.A, “Factors Influencing Consumers Adoption of Mobile Payment Device in Qatar”, International Journal on Mobile Communications, Vol.13, No.6, 2016.

  Citation
  Kulsum Akter Shapna, Abdullah Al Mamun, Fuad Zamil, Ikbal Ahmed, Nayan Banik, "Effect of Mobile Banking on Customer Relation in Bangladesh: A Case Study in Cumilla," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.7, pp.10-18, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Mitigation of Uniform and Electrochemical Corrosion of Aluminium in Acidic Medium by Sodium carboxymethyl Cellulose and Polyethylene Glycol

  U.E. Itodoh, I.C. Madufor, M.U. Obidiegwu, E.E. Oguzie

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp.19-29, Jul-2021

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  Mitigation of uniform and electrochemical corrosion of aluminium submerged into 1 M HCl solutions with as well as without sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was evaluated by gravimetric method and potentiodynamic polarization technique. Effects of immersion time, temperature, SCMC concentration and also possible synergistic inhibitory effect afforded by potassium iodide (KI) and PEG, respectively on SCMC were also studied. Gravimetric method showed that SCMC appreciably mitigated aluminium corrosion in the acid medium. Inhibitive performance of SCMC was attenuated alongside rise in temperature, but was improved on increasing concentration of SCMC. Effect of KI and PEG on SCMC was good and better, respectively in minimizing corrosion of aluminium submerged into 1 M HCl. Freundlich isotherm model was followed by the adsorptive mechanism of SCMC, SCMC-KI and SCMC-PEG, respectively on aluminium. The adverse effect of temperature on inhibitive performance of the compounds led to proposition of physisorption mechanism which was further substantiated by thermodynamic consideration. Polarization results revealed that both SCMC, SCMC-KI and SCMC-PEG functioned as mixed inhibitors with noteworthy mitigation of anodic reaction.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  adsorption, aluminium, corrosion, inhibition, synergism

  References
  [1] R. Treseder, R. Tuttle, “Corrosion Control in Oil and Gas Production (Item No.37741),” NACE, Houston, 1998.
  [2] B. Lin, Y. Zuo, “Corrosion Inhibition of Carboxylate Inhibitors with Different Alkylene Chain Lengths on Carbon Steel in an Alkaline Solution,” Royal Society of Chemistry Advances, Vol.9, Issue.13, pp. 7065–7077, 2019.
  [3] J. Haque, V. Srivastava, C. Verma, H. Lgaz, R. Salghi, M.A. Quraishi, “N-Methyl-N, N, N-Trioctylammonium Chloride as a Novel and Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in an Acid Chloride Medium: Electrochemical, DFT and MD Studies,” New Journal of Chemistry, Vol.41, Issue.22, pp. 13647– 13662, 2017.
  [4] M. El Faydy, R. Touir, M. Ebn Touhami, A. Zarrouk, C. Jama, B. Lakhrissi et al., Corrosion Inhibition Performance of Newly Synthesized 5-Alkoxymethyl-8-Hydroxyquinoline Derivatives for C-steel dipped into 1 M HCl solution: Experimental, DFT and Monte Carlo Simulation Studies,” Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol.20, Issue.30, pp. 20167–20187, 2018.
  [5] E. Bayol, A.A. Gürten, M. Dursun, K. Kayakirilmaz, “Adsorption Behavior and Inhibition Corrosion Effect of Sodium carboxymethyl Cellulose on Mild Steel in Acidic Medium.” Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, Vol.24, Issue.12, pp. 2236–2243, 2008.
  [6] M.M. Solomon, S.A. Umoren, I.I. Udosoro, and A.P. Udoh, Inhibitive and Adsorption Behaviour of Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Mild Steel Corrosion in Sulphuric Acid Solution. Corrosion Science, 52(4), 1317–1325. 2010
  [7] K. Nisancioglu, “Corrosion of Aluminium Alloys,” In Proceedings of ICAA3 NTH and SINTEF, Trondheim, pp. 239–259, 1992.
  [8] G.M. Scamans, J.A. Hunter, N.J.H. Holroyd, “Corrosion of Aluminium—A New Approach,” In Proceedings of 8th International Light Metals Congress, Leoben-Wien, pp. 699–705, 1987.
  [9] E.E. Oguzie, “Inhibition of Acid Corrosion of Mild Steel by Telfaria occidentalis Extract.” Pigment & Resin Technology, Vol.34, Issue.6, pp. 321–326, 2005.
  [10] M.M. Solomon, S.A. Umoren, I.I. Udosoro, A.P. Udoh, “Inhibitive and Adsorption Behaviour of Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Mild Steel Corrosion in Sulphuric Acid Solution.” Corrosion Science, Vol.52, Issue.4, pp. 1317–1325, 2010.
  [11] S. Martinez, I. Stern, “Inhibitory Mechanism of Low-Carbon Steel Corrosion by Mimosa Tannin in Sulphuric Acid Solutions,” Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, Vol.31, Issue.9, pp. 973–978, 2001.
  [12] A. Popova, E. Sokolova, S. Raicheva, M. Christov, “AC and DC Study of the Temperature Effect on Mild Steel Corrosion in Acid Media in the Presence of Benzimidazole Derivatives.” Corrosion Science, Vol.45, Issue.1, pp. 33–58, 2003.
  [13] E. Bayol, A.A. Gürten, M. Dursun, K. Kayakirilmaz, “Adsorption Behavior and Inhibition Corrosion Effect of Sodium carboxymethyl Cellulose on Mild Steel in Acidic Medium.” Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, Vol.24, Issue.12, pp. 2236–2243, 2008.
  [14] M.M. Solomon, S.A. Umoren, I.I. Udosoro, A.P. Udoh, “Inhibitive and Adsorption Behaviour of Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Mild Steel Corrosion in Sulphuric Acid Solution.” Corrosion Science, Vol.52, Issue.4, pp. 1317–1325, 2010.
  [15] K. Nisancioglu, “Corrosion of Aluminium Alloys,” In Proceedings of ICAA3 NTH and SINTEF, Trondheim, pp. 239–259, 1992.
  [16] G.M. Scamans, J.A. Hunter, N.J.H. Holroyd, “Corrosion of Aluminium—A New Approach,” In Proceedings of 8th International Light Metals Congress, Leoben-Wien, pp. 699–705, 1987.
  [17] E.E. Oguzie, “Inhibition of Acid Corrosion of Mild Steel by Telfaria occidentalis Extract,” Pigment & Resin Technology, Vol.34, Issue.6, pp. 321–326, 2005.
  [18] S.A. Abd El-Maksoud, “The Effect of Organic Compounds on the Electrochemical Behaviour of Steel in Acidic Media – A Review,” International Journal of Electrochemical Science, Vol.3, Issue.5, pp. 528–555, 2008.
  [19] S.A. Abd El-Maksoud, “The Effect of Organic Compounds on the Electrochemical Behaviour of Steel in Acidic Media – A Review,” International Journal of Electrochemical Science, Vol.3, Issue.5, pp. 528–555, 2008.
  [20] E.E. Oguzie, “Inhibition of Acid Corrosion of Mild Steel by Telfaria occidentalis Extract,” Pigment & Resin Technology, Vol.34, Issue.6, pp. 321–326, 2005.
  [21] S. Martinez, I. Stern, “Inhibitory Mechanism of Low-Carbon Steel Corrosion by Mimosa Tannin in Sulphuric Acid Solutions,” Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, Vol.31, Issue.9, pp. 973–978, 2001.
  [22] A. Popova, E. Sokolova, S. Raicheva, M. Christov, “AC and DC Study of the Temperature Effect on Mild Steel Corrosion in Acid Media in the Presence of Benzimidazole Derivatives.” Corrosion Science, Vol.45, Issue.1, pp. 33–58, 2003.
  [23] E. Bayol, A.A. Gürten, M. Dursun, K. Kayakirilmaz, “Adsorption Behavior and Inhibition Corrosion Effect of Sodium carboxymethyl Cellulose on Mild Steel in Acidic Medium.” Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, Vol.24, Issue.12, pp. 2236–2243, 2008.
  [24] M.M. Solomon, S.A. Umoren, I.I. Udosoro, A.P. Udoh, “Inhibitive and Adsorption Behaviour of Carboxymethyl Cellulose on Mild Steel Corrosion in Sulphuric Acid Solution.” Corrosion Science, Vol.52, Issue.4, pp. 1317–1325, 2010.
  [25] A. Singh, A.K. Singh, M.A. Quraishi, “Dapsone: A Novel Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acid Media,” The Open Electrochemistry Journal, Vol.2, pp. 43?51, 2010
  [26] M.A. Quraishi, K.S. Hariom, “4-Amino-3-Butyl-5-Mercapto-1,2,4-Triazole: A New Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Sulphuric Acid,” Materials Chemistry & Physics, Vol.78, Issue.1, pp. 18?21, 2002.
  [27] S.A. Umoren, E.E. Ebenso, “The Synergistic Effect of Polyacrylamide and Iodide Ions on the Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in H2SO4,” Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol.106, Issue.2?3, pp. 387?393, 2007.
  [28] E.E. Ebenso, P.C. Okafor, U.J. Ekpe, “Studies on the Inhibition of Aluminium Corrosion by 2-Acetylphenothiazine in Chloroacetic Acids,” Bulletin of Electrochemistry, Vol.18, Issue.12, pp. 551?558, 2002.
  [29] K.S. Sudhish, E.E. Eno, “Corrosion Inhibition Adsorption Behaviour and Thermodynamic Properties of Streptomycin on Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Medium,” International Journal of Electrochemical Science, Vol.6, pp. 3277?3291, 2011.
  [30] M. Erna, H. Herdini, D. Futra, “Corrosion Inhibition Mechanism of Mild Steel by Amylose-Acetate/Carboxymethyl Chitosan Composites in Acidic Media,” International Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.2019, pp. 12, 2019.
  [31] I.B. Obot, N.O. Obi-Egbedi, S.A. Umoren, “Antifungal Drugs as Corrosion Inhibitors for Aluminium in 0.1 M HCl,” Corrosion Science, Vol .51, pp. 1868–1875, 2009.
  [32] W. Li, Q. He, S. Zhang, B. Pei, B. Hou, “Some New Triazole Derivatives for Inhibiting Corrosion of Mild Steel in Acid Medium,” Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, Vol.38, Issue.3, pp. 289 – 395, 2008.
  [33] T.S.F. Rajesh, A.S. Mideen, J. Karthikeyan, A. MuthuKrishnan, “Inhibition Effect of the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Acidic Solutions by Vanillin-4-methylthiosemicarbazone and Vanillin-4-ethylthiosemicarbazone,” Frontiers in Automobile and Mechanical Engineering, Vol.2010, pp. 235?240, 2010

  Citation
  U.E. Itodoh, I.C. Madufor, M.U. Obidiegwu, E.E. Oguzie, "Mitigation of Uniform and Electrochemical Corrosion of Aluminium in Acidic Medium by Sodium carboxymethyl Cellulose and Polyethylene Glycol," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.7, pp.19-29, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Correlation between Functional Reach Test and Y-Balance Test on Stable versus Unstable Surface in Children of Age 6-To-12 Years

  A.A. Deshmukh, A. Wakil, M.S. Deshpande

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp.30-35, Jul-2021

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  Background: Balance plays an important role among children.There are many tests help to assess both static and dynamic standing balance in children i.e. Functional reach test (FRT) and Lower quarter Y-balance test (YBT-LQ). It was found these two tests can be used interchangeably. Till date no study performed to correlate the values of FRT and YBT-LQ in the age group of 6to12 years, on stable surface(SS) and unstable surface(US), hence present study aim to find correlation among FRT and YBT-LQ, 6-to-12 years children, on SS as well as US. Methods:An analytical study was performed on total 280 healthy subjects (140 boys and 140 girls) and divided into 7 subgroups [(each, 40 subjects (20 boys, 20 girls)] of age 6to12 years selected from two schools by simple randomization method. The average value of FRT and YBT-LQ ,three trials each,on stable surface and unstable surface were calculated and recorded for further analysis. Results:Data analysis was performed and Karl Pearson correlation of coefficient was used between FRT and YBT-LQ, on SS and US. FRT showed low correlation with YBT-LQ on both SS and US(r= 0.3 to 0.5). FRT on SS showed very high correlation with FRT on US (r= 0.91). YBT-LQ on SS in all the three directions shows very high correlation with YBT-LQ on US (r= 0.94 to 0.98). As the age advances from 6to12 years, the values showed significant increase in both FRT and YBT-LQ, on SS and US. Conclusion:FRT and YBT-LQ showed low correlation on SS as well as US, in 6to12 years children. Hence, they cannot be used interchangeably.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Standing Balance, Children, Stable And Unstable Surface, Functional Reach,Y- Balance Test ,Lower Quarter

  References
  [1]. Deshmukh AA. Normal values of functional reach and lateral reach tests in children with knee hypermobility. Pediatr Phys Ther.Vol. 26, pp. 230–236, 2014.
  [2]. Shaikh AA, Walunjkar R. Association between functional reach test and star excursion balance test in healthy children of 14-16 yrs. Int J Cur Res Rev.Vol. 5, Issue. 23,pp.1-5, 2013.
  [3]. Gorman PP, Butler RJ, Kiesal K, Rauh MJ, Plisky PJ. Differences in dynamic balance scores in one sport versus multiple sport high school athletes. Int J Sports Phys Ther. Vol. 7, Issue. 2, pp.148-153, 2012.
  [4]. Gribble PA, Hertel J, Plisky P. Using the star-excursion balance test to assess dynamic postural-control deficits and outcomes in lower extremity injury: A literature and systematic review. Int J Sports PhysTher. Vol.47, Issue. 3, pp. 339–357, 2012.
  [5]. Hay L, Redon C. Feed forward versus feedback control in children and adults subjected to a postural disturbance. Exp Brain Res.Vol. 125, Issue. 2,pp. 153-162, 1999.
  [6]. Larsen LR, Jorgensen MG, Junge T, Kristensen BJ, Wedderkopp N. Field assessment of balance in ten to fourteen year old children,reproducibility and validity of the Nintendo Wii board. BMC Pediatrics.Vol. 14, pp. 144,2014.
  [7]. Opstoel K, Pion J, Lenoir M.Anthropometric Characteristics, Physical Fitness and Motor Coordination of 9 to 11 Year Old Children Participating in a Wide Range of Sports. PLoS One. Vol. 10, Issue. 5, pp. e0126282, 2015.
  [8]. Cvejici D, Pevovici T, Ostojic S. Assessment of physical fitness in children and adolescents. Int J Sports Phys Ther. pp. 135-145, 2013.
  [9]. Sarah W, Terry K, Jean C, Pamela K. Interrater and test-retest reliability of two pediatric balance tests. Pediatr Phys Ther. Vol. 15, pp. 32-43, 2003.
  [10]. Mancini M, Horak F. The relevance of clinical balance assessment tools to differentiate balance deficits. Eur J Phys Rehab Med. Vol. 46, Issue.2, pp. 239-248, 2010.
  [11]. Cubos J. Y-Balance test and Ice Hockey. On May 22, 2012. Available from http://www.jeffcubos.com/2012/05/22/the-y-balance-test-and-ice-hockey/.
  [12]. Deshmukh AA, Ganesan S, Tedla JL. Normal values of functional reach and lateral reach tests in Indian school children. Pediatr Phys Ther.Vol. 23, pp. 23-30, 2011. doi:10.1097/PEP.0b013e3182099192.
  [13]. Uchiyama M, Demura S, Shin S. Is there a relationship between the functional reach test and flexibility? Advances in Physical Education. Vol.1, Issue. 2, pp. 11-15, 2011.
  [14]. Habib Z, Westcott S, Valvano J. Assessment of balance abilities in Pakistani children: A cultural perspective. Pediatr Phys Ther. Vol.11, pp. 73-82, 1999.
  [15]. Donahoe B. Turner D, Worrel T. The use of functional reach as a measure of balance in boys and girls without disabilities of age 5-15 yrs. Pediatr Phys Ther . Vol. 6, pp. 189-193, 1994.
  [16]. Bartlett D, Birmingham T. Validity and reliability of pediatric reach test. Pediatr Phys Ther . Vol.15, pp. 84-92, 2003.
  [17]. Volkman K, Stregious N, Stuberg W et al. Methods to improve the reliability of functional reach test in children and adolescents with typical development. Pediatr Phys Ther. Vol. 19, pp. 20-27, 2007.
  [18]. Faigenbaum AD, Myer GD, Fernandez IP, Carrasco EG, Bates N, Farrell A,Kang J. Feasibility and reliability of dynamic postural control measures in children in first through fifth grades. Int J Sports Phys Ther. Vol. 9, Issue. 2, pp. 140, 2014.
  [19]. Norris RA, Wilder E, Norton J. The functional reach test in 3-to-5-year old children without disabilities. Pediatr Phys Ther . Vol. 20, pp. 47-52, 2008.
  [20]. Kirby M. The effects of stable and unstable training surfaces on dynamic postural stability. Electronic theses and dissertations. Vol. 21, pp. 110-115, 2011.
  [21]. Calatayud J, Borreani S, Colado JC, Martin F, Flandez J. Test-retest reliability of the star excursion balance test in primary school children.Phys Sports med . Vol.42, Issue. 4, pp. 120-124, 2014.
  [22]. Browne J, O’Hare NJ. A review of different methods for assessing standing balance.Int J Cur Res Rev. Vol.87, Issue. 9, pp. 489-495, 2001.
  [23]. Sabin MJ. Reliability and validity of the condition-modified star excursion balance test: Influence of concussion history. Journal of strength and conditioning research. Vol.17, Issue. 3, pp. 66-78, 2011.
  [24]. Marwah RK, Tandon N, Ganie MA, Kanwar R, Shivprasad C,Sabharwal A, et al. Nationwide reference data for height, weight and body mass index of Indian schoolchildren. Ntl Med J India. Vol. 24, Issue. 5, pp. 269-277, 2011.
  [25]. Dimattia MA, Livengood AL, Carl G, Malone TR. What are the validity of the single-leg-squat test and its relationship to hip abduction strength. J Sport Rehabil. Vol.1, pp. 108-123, 2005.
  [26]. O’Sullivan SB, Shmitz TJ.Physical Rehabilitation. 5th edition. New Delhi, India: Jaypee Brothers; 145.
  [27]. Singh P, Hujon N. Normative data of modified functional reach test in younger and middle-aged North Eastern Indian population. Arch Med Health Sci. Vol. 1, Issue. 2, pp. 109-114, 2003.
  [28]. Deshmukh AA. The reference values of YBT-LQ in Indian school going children- a cross sectional study. International Journal of Research and Review. Vol. 7, Issue. 8, pp. 179-186, 2020.
  [29]. Ghai OP ed., Paul VK, Bagga A. Essential Pediatrics.8th edition;28-31.New Delhi CBS Publisher and distributer; 2013.
  [30]. Habib Z, Westcott S. Assessment of anthropometric factors on balance test in children. Pediatr Phys Ther. Vol.10, pp. 101-109, 1998.
  [31]. Duncan PW, Welner DK, Chandler J, Studenski S. Functional reach: a new clinical measure of balance. Int J Sports Phys Ther. Vol. 45, Issue. 6, pp. 192-197,1990.
  [32]. Selma G, Armendo B, Jocelyn F. Development of visually driven postural reactivity: A fully immersive virtual reality study. Journal of Vision. Vol 8, pp.15, 2008 :doi:10.1167-8.11.15.
  

  Citation
  A.A. Deshmukh, A. Wakil, M.S. Deshpande, "Correlation between Functional Reach Test and Y-Balance Test on Stable versus Unstable Surface in Children of Age 6-To-12 Years," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.7, pp.30-35, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Inland Fish Production of West Bengal Are Declining – Its Problems and Protection

  Chirantani Mondal

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp.36-40, Jul-2021

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  Inland fishes are major source of nutrition and a part of aquatic ecosystem. It has also a contribution to source of income of a region. West Bengal occupies a significant position in inland fish production in India due to having varieties of water bodies like – ponds, lakes, tanks, canals etc. But its growth rate and its share of percentage to the country are declining in last few years. Because inland fishes of West Bengal are suffering several problems like- overfishing, decreasing areas of water bodies, pollution, lack of infrastructure etc. To overcome these problems several initiatives i.e. renovation of ponds& lakes , production of fish seeds, distribution of fingerlings, development of fish markets etc. have been taken by National Fisheries Development Board and State Government . There is immense scope for growing fish processing industry in West Bengal. So, for the improvement of this sunrise sector of economy proper plans and actions are needed.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Inland fish species, Fish Production, Aquaculture, Growth Rate, Waterbodies

  References
  [1]. Annual Report FY 2019-20; National Fishing Development Board; Department of Fisheries, Government of India;2020.
  [2]. Handbook on Fisheries Statistics 2018; Department of Fisheries; Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry, Dairying; Government of India;2019.
  [3]. Handbook on Fisheries Statistics 2014; Department of Fisheries; Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry, Dairying; Government of India;2014.
  [4]. HS Mangalekar , J.Conciyal , C.P.Ansar , I Biswas ;D. Kumar; “Freshwater Fish Diversity of West Bengal”;Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, Vol.5, No.2, (pp37-45),2017.
  [5]. P.Paul , N.K.Basak ; “Present Scenario, Problems and Prospects of Inland Fishing of West Bengal,India”; Indian Journal of Applied Research; Volume -5,Issue-7,pp128-130;2015.
  [6]. P.Paul ,S. Chakraborty ;”Impact of Inland Fisheries on the Socioeconomic Development: A Focus on Perspectives on Development, Nadia District, West Bengal, India”; International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture; Volume-6, (pp.59-76);2016.
  [7]. T.K.Paul ; “The Role of Aquaculture for Rural Development in West Bengal-A Study”; Heteroglossia: A Multidisciplinary Research Journal;Vol-1,no.1,page 20-29;2016.
  [8]. S. Parua,B.C. Patra , A.Kar ,M. Bhattacharya ; “Freshwater Fish Resource Mapping and Conservation Strategies of West Bengal, India”;Spatial Information Science;2017.
  [9]. www.wbfisheries.in/scheme.php

  Citation
  Chirantani Mondal, "Inland Fish Production of West Bengal Are Declining – Its Problems and Protection," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.7, pp.36-40, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Bangabandhu Kindling Language Movement

  R. Karmaker

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp.41-46, Jul-2021

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  The presence of the Language movement has a special significance in the life of Bengalis in which Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman contributed to the plantation of the seed of Independence. The struggle against oppression has been a daily routine of the people of East Pakistan. After the division, they are fully deprived of their rights and freedom. Indeed, these deprivations led the people of East Pakistan to protest against illegal impose, the policy of language, driven by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman It is seen that Bangabandhu and Language movement are two milestones in introducing Bangladesh to the rest of the world. Bangabandhu`s concern about the state Language and playing an active part fasten the activity of political circumstances for the achievement of Bangla as the state Language. Implementing the demand of Bangla as a state language has been possible through stern and dedicated activities of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. People fought with Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and got the right to speak in their mother tongue, Bangla.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Bengali, Bangabandhu, language, movement, Mujib

  References
  [1] A. Kamaluddin. “Bangladesh: Language Movement and Dhirendranath Datta.” Barbed Wire. Routledge, pp.200-207, India.
  [2] M.Islam, “Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib,” Agami Publication, Dhaka, pp.104, 1993.
  [3] M. Sayedur Rahman, M.Tanziul Islam, and A.Reza Md Towfiqul Islam. "Evaluation of Charismatic Leader of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman." International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications 4.5, pp.1-6,2014
  [4] M.Akhteruzzaman, Bangladesh and Global Studies,” National Education and text board, Dhaka, pp.1-239, 2013
  [5] O.Al Mamoon, A. Bhuimali, and T. Pal. “Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and his contributions in Language Movement of Bangladesh: A review,” pp.87-92, 2020
  [6] SM. Shamsul Alaam, “Language as political articulation: East Bengal in 1952.” Journal of Contemporary Asia, 21.4, pp.469-487, 1991.
  [7] T.Rahman, “Language and ethnicity in Pakistan,” Text in Education and Society, pp.238-245. 1998.
  [8] M. Hossain Reza, “Political Activities of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman as a Charismatic Leader,” London Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science.s 19.4, pp.31-37, 2019.
  [9] R.Islam, “The Bengali language movement and the emergence of Bangladesh”, Journal of Developing Societies, 11, pp.142, 1978.

  Citation
  R. Karmaker, "Bangabandhu Kindling Language Movement," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.7, pp.41-46, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  A Study of Awareness of Sukanya Samrudhi Yojana Special Reference to Aurangabad City

  S.M. Sale, J.A. Godbole

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp.47-50, Jul-2021

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  Many of the measures which came following independence were based on the government`s aim to use the banking sector as a significant reform agent. The planning strategy acknowledged the vital role of access to credit and financial services across society in the overall development of the country and democratic distribution of the benefits of economic progress. The National Finance Inclusion Mission or Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana is a small savings program launched by the Finance Department, the Treasury, the Indian government, with a broad-ranging view of providing banking facilities to people who do not hold or are not paid on their bank account in the legal banking sector, and the welfare of the poor. Under this program, consumers will have access to insurance and other overdraft services` basic bank accounts. The Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana investment scheme has been highly active since its launch on 22 January 2015. Post offices and banks of the public sector contribute to the success of the project approximately. Sukanya Samriddhi`s girl`s terrible idea is a fantastic start to giving her financial independence. Inflation may or may not be the sole expense to marriage and education, but it may also be part of our portfolio. It might be part of the process of investing.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  sukany samrudhi yiojan, SSY, aurangabad, government scame

  References
  [1] Agnew, J. R., Szykman, L. R. “ Asset allocation and information overload: The influence of information display, asset choice, and investor experience. “The Journal of Behavioral Finance, vol 6(2),pp 57–70, 2005.
  [2] Angela Lalremruati Chinzah, R. Lalnunthara, "A Study of Investment Behaviour at Serkawn Community, Lunglei, Mizoram," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.6, Issue.8, pp.49-53, 2020.
  [3] Adekola, Paul O., AkanbI, Moses A and olawole-isaac, "A Qualitative Assessment of the Effects of Child Marriage on Female Education and Entrepreneurship in Northeastern Nigeria , " International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.2, Issue.1, pp.7-15, 2016.
  [4] Deb, R.” Determinants of Savings in Sukanya Samriddhi Account: Evidence from Tripura.” IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review, vol 5(2), pp120–140,2016.
  [5] Vandana Gupta , "Self Concept Enhancement Programme for Women empowerment," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.1, Issue.1, pp.6-11, 2015.
  [6] B.Saranya and G.B.Karthikeyan, “A Study on Preferences and Level of Satisfaction Towards Post Office Savings Schemes (With Special Reference to Coimbatore City)", International Journal of Management (IJM), Volume 6, Issue 1, Pp. 771-775, 2015.
  [7] Dr. Senthil Kumar and Dr. Desti Kannaiah, “Investors‘ Attitude towards Savings in Post Office”?, Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, Vol.5, issue.15, 2014, Pp,158-175, 2015.
  [8] Madhumala Pathy ,“Saving and investment habit of rural households in Cuttack district of Odisha”, International Journal of Commerce and Management Research, Volume 3; Issue 2, Pp. 56-58, 2017.
  [9] V. Alagu Pandian and G. Thangadurai, “A Study of Investors Preference towards Various Investments Avenues in Dehradun District?”, International Journal of 132 Management and Social Sciences Research (IJMSSR) Volume 2, No. 4, Pp,22-31, 2013.

  Citation
  S.M. Sale, J.A. Godbole, "A Study of Awareness of Sukanya Samrudhi Yojana Special Reference to Aurangabad City," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.7, pp.47-50, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Increasing Productivity Through Implementation of 5S Methodology In A Manufacturing Industry: A Case Study

  Avishkar A. Ahire, Amit B. Chaudhari, Omkar S. Ahirrao, Vijay B. Sarode

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp.51-57, Jul-2021

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  This paper deals with Implementation of 5S Methodology in one of the small-scale manufacturing industry Niraj Thermo Pvt. Ltd, D-63, MIDC Ambad, Nashik, Maharashtra, which is one of the leading manufacturer and exporter of thermocol products. 5S is a technique to arrange, order, clean, standardize and constantly enhance a work area. It specializes in five Japanese strategies particularly Seiri (Sorting), Seiton (Set in order), Seiso (Shine), Seiketsu (Standardize) and Shitsuke (Sustain). The objective of the Implementation of 5S in the company was to arrange the work area with better performance and effectiveness. The requirement for the implementation of 5S within the organization came into existence because of unorganized work-stations, uncomfortable operating environment and also the excessive wastes within the company. Thus, to get rid-off on the above factors, there was imperative demand for the consecutive implementation of 5S within the organization. The implementation resulted in increase in productivity upto 25%, increase in storage space upto 30% and reduction in cycle time upto 1.5hrs.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  5S, Productivity, 5S Implementation, Workplace management, Standards, 5S training, Safety

  References
  [1] Rayan Ezzeddine, Malak Aoun, “The effect of 5S on Employee performance: An empiorical Study Among Lebanese Hospitals,” International Business And Accounting Research Journal, Vol. 4, Issue.1, pp.44-50, 2020.
  [2] Sangode Pallawi, “Impact of 5S Methodology on the Efficiency Of the Workplace: Study of Manufacturing Firms,” Internal Journal of Research in Commerce And Management, Vol. 9,Issue.12, pp.14-16, 2018.
  [3] R.S. Agrahari, P.A. Dangle and K.V. Chandratre, “Implementation of 5S Methodology in the Small Scale Industry: A Case Study,”International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research,Vol. 4,Issue.4, pp.180-187, 2015.
  [4] Chakraborty, “Internal obstacles to quality for small-scale enterprises,” International Journal of Exclusive management research, Vol. 1, Issue.1, pp. 1-9, 2011.
  [5] Hudli and Imandar, “Areas of Lean manufacturing for productivity improvement in a manufacturing unity,”World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 69, 2010.
  [6] Chauhan , “Measuring the status of Lean manufacturing using AHP,” International Journal of Emerging technology, Vol.1, Issue.2, pp.115-120, 2010.
  [7] Gheorghe Dulhai. “The 5S strategy for continuous improvement of the manufacturing process in auto car exhausts,” Management and marketing, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 115-120, 2008.
  [8] Upadhye, “Lean manufacturing system for medium-size manufacturing enterprise: An Indian case,” International Journal of management science and engineering management. Vol.5, no. 5, pp. 362-375, 2010.
  [9] Kumar and Kumar. “Steps for Implementation of 5S”, International Journal of management. IT and Engineering, Vol. 2, no.6, pp. 402-416, 2012
  [10] P. M. Rojarsra, M. N. Qureshi, " Performance Improvement through 5S in Small Scale Industry: A Case study," International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER), Vol. 3, Issue 3, pp-1654-1660, 2013.
  [11] Abhay R. Kobarne & Others, “Implementation Of 5S Technique In A Manufacturing Organization: A Case Study,” Scholarly Research Journal For Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol-3, no. 23, pp 1851-1872.

  Citation
  Avishkar A. Ahire, Amit B. Chaudhari, Omkar S. Ahirrao, Vijay B. Sarode, "Increasing Productivity Through Implementation of 5S Methodology In A Manufacturing Industry: A Case Study," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.7, pp.51-57, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Bluetooth: Enabling Technology for IoT, Security issues and solutions

  Zahoor Ahmad Najar, Roohe Naaz Mir

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp.58-63, Jul-2021

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  — Internet of things(IoT) a ubiquitous network, an interconnecting large number of devices roughly to stretch 1.1 trillion by 2026. The number of devices or things is increasing per person, and an average of 5 devices per user will be in use and actively connected to the Internet. However, an exponential increase in the number of devices nearly automates everything around us because of the technology available. The communication technology involved has a significant role in realizing IoT networks. In particular, wireless communication technology has helped to accomplish the IoT concept because of no overhead of wires. In wireless communication technology, several standards are available, e.g., Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Bluetooth, RFID, etc. All the standards used have their utility and use, as per their specification, capability, and energy consumption. In this paper, we discuss the use and importance of Bluetooth Technology in IoT and address security loopholes associated with it to prevent such vulnerability. References to the literature and mathematical symbols/equations should not be included.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, IoT, Security

  References
  [1] Doukas, C.” Building Internet of Things with the Arduino.” CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, North Charleston, SC, USA pp-347, 2012.
  [2] Lee, J.S., Su, Y.W., Shen, C.C.” A comparative study of wireless protocols: Bluetooth, UWB, ZigBee, and Wi-Fi.” 33rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON 2007), pp. 46–51, (November 2007.
  [3] D. Uckelmann, "Performance measurement and cost benefit analysis for RFID and Internet of Things implementations in logistics" in Quantifying the Value of RFID and the EPCglobal Architecture Framework in Logistics, New York, NY, USA:Springer-Verlag, pp. 71-100, 2012.
  [4] P. C. Angela M. Lonzetta , Joseph Campbell, Bassam J. Mohd and Thaier Hayajneh, "Security Vulnerabilities in Bluetooth Technology as Used in IoT," Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks vol. 7, no. 28, 2018.
  [5] John Padgette ,John Bahr ,Mayank Batra, Marcel Holtmann, Rhonda Smithbey,Lily Chen, and Karen Scarfon “Guide to BluetoothSecurity” NIST Special Publication 800-121 Revision 2 , Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Spec. Publ. 800-121 Rev. 2, pp 8, May 2017.
  [6] Melamed, T. “An Active Man-in-the-Middle Attack on Bluetooth Smart Devices”. Int. J. Safety & Security. Eng. , 2018.
  [7] Nawir, M.; Amir, A.; Yaakob, N.; Lynn, O. “Internet of Things (IoT): Taxonomy of Security Attacks”. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED), Phuket, Thailand, pp 11–12, 2016
  [8] Nateq Be-Nazir Ibn, M.; Tarique, M. “Bluetooth security threats and solutions: A survey”.Int. J. Distrib.Parallel Syst. Vol 3 pp 127 2012.
  [9] Herfurt, “Introducing the Car Whisperer at What the Hack.”https://trifinite.org/trifinite_stuff_carwhisperer.html, 2005. Accessed:2020-01-19.
  [10] A. Laurie, M. Holtmann, and M. Herfurt, “Hacking Bluetooth EnabledMobile Phones and Beyond.” http://www.blackhat.com/html/bh-europe-05/bh-eu-05-speakers.html, 2007. Accessed: 2020-01-19.
  [11] N. O. T. Daniele Antonioli, Kasper Rasmussen, "The KNOB is Broken: Exploiting Low Entropy in the Encryption Key Negotiation Of Bluetooth BR/EDR," Proceedings of the 28th USENIX Security Symposium. Santa Clara, CA, USAAugust 14–16, 2019

  Citation
  Zahoor Ahmad Najar, Roohe Naaz Mir, "Bluetooth: Enabling Technology for IoT, Security issues and solutions," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.7, pp.58-63, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Ephemeral and Perpetual Diversity in Giraffa Camelopardalis

  Soham Mohan Dalal

  Short Communication | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp.64-67, Jul-2021

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  It is necessary to understand how giraffes could have evolved. We came up with Darwin`s theory, Lamarckism, and so forth. However, in a manuscript, I classified the species of Giraffa Camelopardalis in light of the heights as an arbitrary principle. Nevertheless, I wrote a paper on classifying Giraffa Camelopardalis species using heights as the reference point. It highlights the evolution of the giraffe posture in light of two characteristics of its postures, namely ephemeral diversity and perpetual diversity. Our theory is based on the concept of provisional height and perpetual height groups of giraffes. Why do giraffes have a long neck? Why do not there be shorter ones? Could also be the question; Are there any groups of giraffes? The origin of the initial height or perpetual height? In Lamarck`s discussion of heredity, he gave an imaginary example of how a giraffe stretching its neck to browse leaves high in a tree gradually strengthens and grows a longer neck as a consequence. The non-empirical approach of the theory manifests the following hypothetical testimony: Giraffe posture is a functional function of ephemeral and perpetual diversity.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Darwinian Theory, Lamarckian theory of acquired characteristics, Axioms, and Precision

  References
  [1] Marshall Cavendish Corp,”Encyclopedia of Mammals.” Tarrytown, New York, Vol. 6 Pp. 809-833.
  [2] Zirkle, Conway, “The Early History of the Inheritance of Acquired Characters and Pangenesis". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, vol. 8, Issue. 1, Pp456, 1946.
  [3] Gould, “The Inheritance of Acquired Characters and the Provisional Hypothesis ". The American Naturalist, vol. 4, Issue 7, pp. 177–17869 (724): 417–445, 2002.
  [4] Jump up to a b Zirkle, Conway "The Early History of Inheritance of Acquired Characters and Pangenesis". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 1946.
  [5] Darwin, Vol I, section XXXIX, 1794-1796.
  [6] Desmond & Moore, "Darwin was loath to let go of the notion that a well-used and strengthened organ could be inherited, Vol. 4, Issue. 12, Pp. 617, 1991.
  [7] Holterhoff, Kate. "The History and Reception of Charles Darwin`s Hypothesis of Pangenesis". Journal of the History of Biology, vol. 4, Issue 3, Pp.4-7, 2014.
  [8] Liu, Yon sheng, "A new perspective on Darwin`s Pangenesis". Biological Reviews, vol. 2, Issue 12, Pp83, 2008.
  [9] Larson, Edward J.”A growing sense of progress.” Evolution, “The remarkable history of a Scientific Theory.” Modern Library, Vol. 7, Issue 2, Pp. 38–41, 2004.
  [10] Gould, Stephen, “The lying stones of Marrakech: penultimate reflections in natural history.” Vintage. pp. 119–121, 2001.
  [11] Hamilton, A. G,”Numbers, sets, and axioms,” the apparatus of mathematics. Cambridge University Press, Vol.1, Pp. 83, 1982.
  [12] K. Gupta, “A Proposed New Approach for Cloud Environment using Cryptic rules,” ISROSET Publisher, India, pp. 542-545, 2016.
  [13] Ron Larson, Bruce H. Edwards, “Calculus of a Single Variable,” CENGAGE Learning, pp. 19, 2010.
  [14] Yohannes Melaku Yimam, Bisrat Kifle, "Tree Inventory Assessment in Religious Institution Compound and its Benefit for Environmental Management in the Case of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.51-61, 2020.
  [15] Stove, David, “Darwinian Fairytales. Avebury Series in Philosophy, “England, 1995.
  [16] Johnson, D. L.; Ambrose, S. H.; Bassett, T. J.; Bowen, M. L.; Crummey, D. E.; Isaacson, J. S.; Johnson, D. N. Lamb, P.; Saul, M.; Winter-Nelson, "Meanings of Environmental Terms". Journal of Environmental Quality, pp.26 (3):581–589, 1997.
  [17] Symons, Donald, “The Evolution of Human Sexuality,” Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 31, 1979.
  [18] S.L. Mewada, “ A Proposed New Approach for Cloud Environment using Cryptic Techniques, “In the Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering, India, pp.542-545, 2016

  Citation
  Soham Mohan Dalal, "Ephemeral and Perpetual Diversity in Giraffa Camelopardalis," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.7, pp.64-67, 2021