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• Open Access   Article

  Application of the Variational Monte Carlo Method to the Three Electron Coulomb and Harmonium Systems

  S.B. Doma, G.D. Roston, M.F. Ahmed

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp.1-7, Aug-2022

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  The problems of three electron interacting systems are considered in this paper. In the first part of the present paper, we considered the ground state, the lithium - like ions, and the core excited states of the lithium atom. Trial wave functions constructed from multiplication of hydrogenic wave functions and correlation wave functions are used in the calculations carried out in the first part. Furthermore, the compressed lithium atom by a hard wall spherical box is also investigated. In the second part of the present paper, we investigated the three-electron harmonium atom at which harmonic potential is used rather than the effect of Coulomb potential. The obtained results are in good agreement with the results of other works.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Ground state of the lithium atom, lithium iso electronic ions, excited states of lithium, confined lithium atom , three electron harmonium atoms

  References
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  Citation
  S.B. Doma, G.D. Roston, M.F. Ahmed, "Application of the Variational Monte Carlo Method to the Three Electron Coulomb and Harmonium Systems," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.4, pp.1-7, 2022

• Open Access   Article

  Study of Lennard-Jones Potential at 300K between Carbon, Silver, Gold and Oxygen Atom

  B. Koirala, S.H. Dhobi, P. Subedi, M. Gurung, N.K. Teemilsina

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp.8-14, Aug-2022

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  The major goal of this study is to look at the Lennard-Jone’s Potential (LJP) of different atoms and molecules as they interact. For this, we develop a mathematical model and compute developed model using MATLAB to investigate the Lennard-Jones Potential direct correlation function (LJPDCF) of different atoms/molecules interactions. The carbon-carbon, carbon-oxygen, oxygen-oxygen, water-water molecule, silver-silver, gold-silver, gold-carbon, and silver-carbon interactions were studied for this article. As a result, we discovered that the silver-silver interaction has a maximum LJP of -133.75 kcal/mole at a distance 3.5 ? and a minimum potential of -2.08 kcal/mole at distance 3.8 ? for the carbon-carbon interaction. We discovered a maximum LJPDCF of 3 × 1020 in the silver-silver interaction at a distance of 3.8 ? and a minimum Lennard-Jones Potential direct correlation function of 0.25 × 1019 in the carbon-carbon and carbon-oxygen interactions at 300K at the same distance of 4 ?. This research could aid in the understanding of the interactions between the considered atom and other atoms in various fields of molecular physics, computational chemistry, molecular models, etc.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Direct Correlation, Lennard-Jones Potential, Interaction

  References
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  Citation
  B. Koirala, S.H. Dhobi, P. Subedi, M. Gurung, N.K. Teemilsina, "Study of Lennard-Jones Potential at 300K between Carbon, Silver, Gold and Oxygen Atom," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.4, pp.8-14, 2022

• Open Access   Article

  Monitoring Climate Change using Satellite-observed Earth’s Surface Temperature: A Review

  Thomas U. Omali

  Review Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp.15-22, Aug-2022

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  Anthropogenic influence on climate modification is currently apparent more than ever, and this is comprehensible from the measurements of various climate variables such as the Earth`s surface temperature. The investigation of climate variables is a challenging task as no one technique can reliably produce the essential data at both fine and broad scales. Accurate observations of surface temperature are traditionally available from functional ground-based weather stations. Unfortunately, this network of stations is not dense enough in terms of spatial extent for a detailed spatial assessment of the temperature field. However, the application of the satellite-based observation method makes it possible for multi-scale and instantaneous observations with a consistent temporal revisit concerning the Earth`s processes. Therefore, this review is primarily focused on monitoring climate change using surface temperature data from satellite remote sensing. Recent papers that were published in the English language between 2013 and 2022 were accessed and used for the review. The research specifically emphasized the global temperature trend, and Earth’s surface temperature observation including Land Surface Temperature, and Sea Surface Temperature. Summarily, it was shown that the satellite-based temperature time-series data is important for studying the climate system. Also, the current Earth Observation System and many proposed satellite systems will enhance assessment regarding the Essential Climate Variables. Thus, satellite remote sensing is a potent tool for comprehending the Earth`s surface temperature and climate change.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Air temperature; Anthropogenic; GHG; LST; Satellite; SST; Weather station

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  Citation
  Thomas U. Omali, "Monitoring Climate Change using Satellite-observed Earth’s Surface Temperature: A Review," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.4, pp.15-22, 2022

• Open Access   Article

  Theoretical Study of Zero Field Splitting Parameters of Mn2+ doped Ammonium Catena - Di-?-Chromatodiammine Cadmium (II) Crystal at Orthorhombic Symmetry Site

  Ram Kripal

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp.23-28, Aug-2022

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  The crystal field parameters (CFPs) of Mn2+ doped Ammonium Catena - Di-?-Chromatodiammine Cadmium (II) (ACD) single crystal are determined using superposition model (SPM). The zero field splitting parameters (ZFSPs) D and E are then found with the help of perturbation and microscopic spin Hamiltonian (SH) theory. The evaluated D and E show reasonable agreement with the experimental values from electron paramagnetic resonance. The results indicate that the Mn2+ ion enters the lattice substitutionally at Cd2+ site in ACD crystal. The procedure used here may be applied for the modeling of other ion-host systems.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  A. Inorganic compounds; A. Single Crystal; C. Crystal structure and symmetry; D. Crystal and ligand fields; D. Optical properties; E. Electron paramagnetic resonance.

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  Citation
  Ram Kripal , "Theoretical Study of Zero Field Splitting Parameters of Mn2+ doped Ammonium Catena - Di-?-Chromatodiammine Cadmium (II) Crystal at Orthorhombic Symmetry Site," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.4, pp.23-28, 2022

• Open Access   Article

  An Indirect Radiation Dose Assessment of Adult Patients Undergoing Lumbosacral Joints and Lumbar Spine Radiological X-Ray Procedures

  B. Samaila

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp.29-32, Aug-2022

  Abstract

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  Citation

  Abstract
  Patient dose measurement is an important tool for dose optimization and patient protection in diagnostic radiology. It is to safeguard both the medical personnel and patient from undesirable effect of radiation. The present study examines the entrance surface Dose (ESD) and effective dose of 101 patients undergoing routine lumbar spine and Lumbosacral joint radiographic examinations in two health care centers consisting two radiological units in Kebbi State north-western part of Nigeria. Patient dose were evaluated using an indirect method [CalDose _X 5.0 software] based on exposure factors. The mean ESD of the results were found to be 4. 83 mGy and 7.46 mGy for lumbar spine respectively for SMH and FMC, while mean ESD for Lumbosacral joints were 5.16 mGy and 8.84 mGy respectively for SMH and FMC. Similarly, the mean estimated ED was 0.47mSv and 0.74 mSv for lumbar spine while 0.39 mSv and 0.55mSv for Lumbosacral joint respectively for SMH and FMC. The results obtained in this study were higher than the doses reported in NRPB 2000, Iran 2015 and ARPNSA, 201 but lower than that of Brazil 2008, and Italy 2005 in some health care centers. Same applied to ED the results obtained were greatly higher than those obtained in literatures. The higher doses obtained can be attributed to the use of higher tube load (mAs) during examinations, which shows lack of optimization of exposure settings.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Adults, Radiation dose, Entrance skin dose, and effective dose

  References
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  Citation
  B. Samaila, "An Indirect Radiation Dose Assessment of Adult Patients Undergoing Lumbosacral Joints and Lumbar Spine Radiological X-Ray Procedures," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.4, pp.29-32, 2022